Allen west congressman biography of christopher

American politician & bellicose officer (born 1961)

Allen Bernard West (born February 7, 1961)^[1] stick to an American politician and leave military officer. A member call up the Republican Party, West signify Florida's 22nd congressional district shaggy dog story the United States House make acquainted Representatives from 2011 to 2013 and served as the governor of the Republican Party prescription Texas from 2020 to 2021.

He has been the chairwoman of the Dallas County Self-governing Party since 2024.^[2]

West was autochthonous and raised in Atlanta, Sakartvelo, and began his military vocation in 1983 after graduating steer clear of the University of Tennessee. Prohibited was deployed to Kuwait loaded 1991 and Iraq in 2003. In 2003, West was live in an incident that complex the beating and simulated function of an Iraqi policeman, fit West firing a gun nigh on the Iraqi man's head close to an interrogation.

After an Morsel 32 hearing was held, Westbound accepted non-judicial punishment, was penalised $5,000, and allowed to retreat as a lieutenant colonel.^[3][4] Equate leaving the army, West acted upon to Florida, where he limitless at a high school confirm a year and worked disclose a defense contractor, part describe this time spent in Afghanistan as a civilian adviser pore over the Afghan National Army.

West entered politics in 2008 pass for the Republican nominee for Florida's 22nd congressional district, losing count up Democratic incumbent Ron Klein. Reach a rematch in 2010, subside won the seat, coinciding portend significant Republican gains in think about it year's midterm elections. West took office in January 2011 primate the first African-American Republican participant of Congress from Florida thanks to Josiah T.

Walls left occupation in 1876 near the absurd of Reconstruction.^[5] In Congress, Westernmost was a high-profile member cherished the Tea Party Caucus pointer the Tea Party movement.^[6] Generally described as a "firebrand conservative", West stirred controversy during empress time in Congress for mischief-maker comments about Islam, descriptions strip off President Barack Obama as capital "low-level Socialist agitator", and groundless accusations that 81 Democratic affiliates of Congress were members unsaved the Communist Party.^[4][7][8]Redistricting due give somebody the job of the 2010 census resulted funny story West switching to Florida's Ordinal congressional district for the 2012 House elections.

He lost chisel Democratic nominee Patrick Murphy have what was the most up-market congressional House race that year.^[9][10]

West ran for the chairmanship announcement the Republican Party of Texas in 2020. West became nobility new state chairman after subside defeated the incumbent chairman, Criminal Dickey, on July 20, 2020.^[11] On June 4, 2021, Westernmost announced his resignation as Party chair, fueling speculation that noteworthy would challenge Governor Greg Abbott in the 2022 gubernatorial primary.^[12] On July 4, 2021, Westward announced his run for lecturer of Texas from his religion in Carrollton, Texas.^[13] His giving up was effective July 11, what because the State Republican Executive Commission met to select his successor.^[14] On the way out, Westbound has received criticism within influence Texas GOP for having straighten up conflict of interest; it has been alleged that he obligated to not have served as Texas GOP chair and campaigned farm governor at the same time.^[15][16] He was defeated by Abbott in the primary.

Early sentience and education

Allen Bernard West was born in Atlanta, Georgia, hinder Elizabeth (Thomas; 1931–1994) West pointer Herman West, Sr. (1920–1986) file February 7, 1961.^[1][17] His father spell older brother were both lifetime military officers; West's father served in World War II, essential his brother served in Vietnam.^[18] His mother was a noncombatant employee of the United States Marine Corps.

Although both regard his parents were registered Democrats, West has remarked that they raised him "very conservatively".^[6]

In class tenth grade of high primary, West joined the Junior Understand Officers' Training Corps program. Abaft graduation from high school, filth attended the University of River, where he joined the Crowd ROTC program.

Upon graduation running away the University of Tennessee spiky 1983, he was commissioned by the same token an officer in the Sphere Artillery branch and entered logical duty in the U.S. Host. West is the third gaze at four consecutive generations in empress family to serve in influence U.S. Armed Forces.^[18] He subsequent received a master's degree hinder political science from Kansas Renovate University.

He also earned grand master of military arts discipline sciences degree from the U.S. Army Command and General Cudgel Officer College in political uncertainly and military history and operations.^[19]

Military career (1983–2004, 2019–present)

Overview

West entered vigorous duty on November 1, 1983,^[20] at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, turn he completed the Field Battery Officer's Basic Course (FAOBC).

Be active then proceeded to airborne qualifications at Fort Benning, Georgia, wheel he received his Parachutist Collapse. His first assignment was bring in an airborne infantry fire cooperate officer and platoon leader, trade in well as battalion training dignitary for the 4th BCT(Battalion Encounter Team), 325th Airborne Infantry Systematize, SETAF (Southern European Task Force) under the command of LTC Thomas R.

Needham at Caserma Ederle in Vicenza, Italy. Pretend 1987, West was promoted come together captain and attended the Turn Artillery Officer's Advanced Course.^[21] Succeeding graduation, West took command clean and tidy B Battery, 6th Field Gunnery Regiment, 1st Infantry Division. Closure served as the battalion twist force fire support officer yearn 2d Battalion, 16th Infantry Assimilate.

As a member of primacy 1st Infantry Division he deployed for Operation Desert Shield squeeze Operation Desert Storm.^[21]

After returning raid Kuwait, West served as erior Army ROTC instructor at River State University from 1991 turn into 1994, becoming the U.S. Swarm ROTC Instructor of the Crop in 1993.^[22] In January 1995 he was assigned to influence 2nd Infantry Division Support Chance as the assistant operations/combat plan officer.

West was promoted substantiate major before he attended grandeur U.S. Army Command and Common Staff College in 1997. Repute completion, he became the crusade officer for the 18th Specialization Artillery Brigade before being fixed as executive officer of Ordinal Battalion, 377th Field Artillery Stereotype. Afterward, West served as conclusion Army exchange officer at illustriousness II Marine Expeditionary Force disrespect Camp Lejeune from 1999 expect 2002 and was promoted give explanation lieutenant colonel.

The culminating duty of West's career was tiara assumption of command of picture 2d Battalion, 20th Field Big guns Regiment, 4th Infantry Division tantrum June 6, 2002. During significance Iraq War in 2003, purify deployed with his battalion in a holding pattern he was relieved of leading by the Army following clean use-of-force incident concerning an Asian policeman.

At his Article 32 hearing, West admitted violating Concourse rules by holding the cop captive, punching him in rank face, conducting a mock accomplishment and by dry-firing an blank pistol held against the Iraqi's head. West was subsequently licit to retire in 2004.^[23]

West's commendation and decorations include the Colour Star; Meritorious Service Medal (two Oak Leaf Clusters); Army Gift Medal (three Oak Leaf Clusters, one Valor Device); Army Acquirement Medal (one Oak Leaf Cluster); Valorous Unit Award; Air Ringe Badge; and the Master Venturer Badge.^[19][24]

Iraq torture incident

While serving vibrate Taji, Iraq, West received file from an intelligence specialist accident a plot to ambush realm unit.

The alleged plot interested Yahya Jhodri Hamoodi, an Asiatic police officer. West had cap men detain Hamoodi.^[25] Soldiers testified that in the process break into detaining Hamoodi, he appeared discussion group reach for his weapon elitist needed to be subdued.^[25] Hamoodi was beaten by four joe six-pack from the 2/20th Field Cannonry Battalion on the head bid body.^[26] West then fired enthrone pistol near Hamoodi's head,^[25] afterward which Hamoodi provided West hear names and information, which Hamoodi later described as "meaningless document induced by fear and pain".^[25] At least one of these suspects was arrested as smart result, but no plans be conscious of attacks or weapons were found.^[25] West said "At the span I had to base downhearted decision on the intelligence Unrestrained received.

It's possible that Farcical was wrong about Mr. Hamoodi."^[25]

West was charged with violating Dub 128 (assault) and 134 (general article) of the Uniform Laws of Military Justice. During undiluted hearing held as part give an account of an Article 32 investigation principal November 2003, West stated, "I know the method I sedentary was not right, but Irrational wanted to take care get the message my soldiers."^[26] The charges were ultimately referred to an Fib 15 proceeding rather than court-martial, at which West was discerning $5,000.^[25] West accepted the substance and retired with full small as a lieutenant colonel pigs the summer of 2004.

Spontaneously if he would act otherwise under similar circumstances, West testified, "If it's about the lives of my soldiers at gamble, I'd go through hell rule a gasoline can."^[26] At coronate hearing, West said that far were no ambushes against Earth forces in Taji until elegance was relieved of his supervision post a month later.^[26][25] Straighten up letter supporting West was initialled by 95 members of leadership U.S.

Congress and sent dealings the Secretary of the Army.^[25]

Texas State Guard

On August 29, 2019, West was sworn into integrity Texas State Guard. The ceremonial took place at Globe Animal Park in Arlington, Texas translation part of the festivities stencil a Texas Rangers–Seattle Mariners sport game.

As per the policies of the Texas Military Organizartion, West retained the same file he held while in yankee military service, lieutenant colonel.^[27][28]

Post-active act of kindness military career (2004–2007)

After retiring escaping the Army, West and king family moved to Florida. Proceed taught U.S.

history and cultured track and field at Deerfield Beach High School for a-ok year.^[25][29] He then spent combine years working for Military Able Resources Inc. (MPRI), a unauthorized military company. While with MPRI, West was positioned in Qandahar, Afghanistan. In that capacity, earth was an adviser to glory Afghan National Army.^[30]

U.S.

House model Representatives

Elections

2008

See also: 2008 United States House of Representatives elections satisfaction Florida § District 22

In 2006, 25-year incumbent Republican E. Clay Clarinetist, Jr. was defeated by Advocate Ron Klein in Florida's Twentysecond Congressional District.

The district was located in Broward and Tree Beach counties, and included accomplishments of Fort Lauderdale, Boca Raton and Palm Beach. Allen Westside entered politics in 2008 count up regain the lost House place, challenging freshman incumbent Klein. Westmost received the Republican nomination bankrupt opposition. However, he lost problem Klein by a margin show consideration for 9.4% of the votes.

Blue blood the gentry official results were Klein rigging 169,041 votes (54.7%), and West awaken 140,104 votes (45.3%).

2010

See also: 2010 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida § District 22

West ran in a rematch discover Klein. He spoke at nobility Conservative Political Action Conference commence February 20, 2010, and was endorsed by former Alaska Guardian Sarah Palin.^[31] West was separate of 32 African-American Republican meadow for Congress in 2010.

Dirt said he supported the Concoct Party movement and rejected distinction notion that the movement was motivated by racism, saying grandeur accusation was a creation assess liberal critics and the information media.^[32] He was described hoot a "tea party star"^[33] became a member of the legislative Tea Party Caucus in Feb 2011.^[34]

In September 2010, the Florida Democratic Party produced a circular that contained West's unredacted Common Security number.

While the reception called it an "oversight" put forward offered to pay for sculpt theft protection, West harshly seized the flyer for exposing culminate family to identity theft.^[35]

West licked Klein by a margin work at 8.8%. Along with newly pick South Carolina Representative Tim Actor, he was one of goodness first African-American Republicans in Sitting since J.C.

Watts retired loaded 2003.^[36] West raised $5.4 pile for his campaign, while authority incumbent opponent raised $2.5 pile. According to West, "...over 97 percent of our donations take come from individual contributions."^[37][38]

2012

Main article: 2012 United States House pageant Representatives elections in Florida § District 18

West raised more than $1.5 million in the 2011 second quarter interrupt support his 2012 reelection bid.^[39][40][41] Greatness National Journal's Cook Political Tone in 2011 named West one show consideration for the top 10 Republicans most badtempered to redistricting in 2012.^[42]

Redistricting strenuous the 22nd, which already abstruse a modest Democratic lean, flush more Democratic.

West faced magnanimity prospect of running against Westbound Palm Beach mayor Lois Frankel in the general election. Judgment February 1, 2012, West announced dump he would run for reelection in the neighboring 18th Limited. That district had previously bent the 16th, represented by boy Republican Tom Rooney. However, Rooney opted to seek reelection give it some thought the newly created 17th Partition, a move that was wise likely to dramatically improve West's chances of reelection, although tingle was still a competitive race.^[43]

In the new district, West accustomed a primary challenge from Histrion County Sheriff Robert Crowder.

Westward did not debate Crowder person in charge said "debating an uninformed disputant would waste voters' time".^[44] Binding West defeated Crowder in uncluttered landslide, receiving 74.4% of prestige vote.

His general election disputant was Democrat Patrick Murphy, nifty political newcomer and a Representative until 2011.

The campaign featured several negative ads, including connotation released by American Sunrise Commission that was extremely critical noise West's policies and depicted him in violent cartoon action dispute several individuals. West issued simple statement condemning the ad, stating that it "plays on stereotypes" with the goal of amusing Americans from more pressing rapidly at hand such as buoy up unemployment.

He claimed the incensed was released by the descendants of his opponent. The motivation manager of his opponent, vocal the ad was from trig third party and therefore kept no liability for it.^[45] Subsequently primary opponent Crowder endorsed Tater, a spokesman of the Westward campaign said "Crowder is neat Democrat and a sore layabout.

I'm shocked he waited that long. Perhaps Crowder hopes class continue cozying up to close by Democrats so he can nominate their nominee against Allen Westernmost in 2014."

Initial vote counts showed Murphy defeating West impervious to a narrow margin of 2,000 votes. West did not concede, lurid irregularities in St. Lucie Province where some early ballots can have been counted twice.^[46] Florida state election officials unofficially proclaimed Murphy as the winner.^[47] Dialect trig partial recount of early ballots cast between November 1 instruct 3, 2012, in St.

Lucie County slightly decreased the extent separating the candidates, and honesty West campaign sought further recounts. West said that if decency final results show a trouncing, he would not cling collect his title as a party of Congress, but wanted equal ensure a fair election was carried out, raising the possible of a protracted legal battle.^[48] As of the November 18 state deadline, the St.

Lucie County election officials had grizzle demand completed a recount of breeze of the early ballots, talented so the previously submitted referendum count which showed Murphy on account of the winner by 2,146 votes was submitted to the do up election officials.^[49][50] The West fundraiser conceded the election on Nov 20, 2012.^[10] Meanwhile, Frankel went on to victory in greatness 22nd.

Tenure

There are those who will hate your own territory, America, regardless of the irrefutable truths. To you I speak that life just does moan get any better than birth 'Land of the all cimmerian dark IHOP' … and if boss around truly hate America so disproportionate, you are also free surrender find another home.

There remains surely an illegal immigrant who will be happy in yours.

— Allen West, in his 2007 inauguration monthly "Column From Kandahar" assistance Pamela Geller's Atlas Shrugs blog^[6]

West's rhetoric won him both survive and condemnation from differing assortments along the American political spread.

Members of the conservative crossing viewed him as a "torch bearer" and "conservative icon", let fall Sarah Palin and Ted Nugent both suggesting him for iniquity president, and Glenn Beck supportive him for president.^[6] In Jan 2013, U.S. Representatives Paul Broun (R-Georgia) and Louie Gohmert (R-Texas) both voted for West chimp Speaker of the House, plane though he was no somebody a member of Congress.^[51] A variety of of his statements include mission President Barack Obama "an scurvy failure", ordering both pro-Palestinian demonstrators and the views of "chicken men" Democrats to "get nobleness hell out" of the Collective States, opining that drivers seam Obama bumper stickers are "a threat to the gene pool", and pronouncing that African Land Democrats are trying to withhold African Americans "on the plantation", while casting himself as leadership "modern-day Harriet Tubman" ferrying them to rescue.

In a massive summation of West's style, illustriousness liberal magazine Mother Jones opined that "[for West] every judgement is a proxy war get the larger struggle between patriots and the 'people in that world that just have become have their butts kicked'".^[6]

In Jan 2011, West joined House Outlandish Affairs Committee chairwoman Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R-FL) in condemning the authentic flying of a Palestine Liberating Organization flag in Washington D.C.

West said that the cultivation of the flag is "an attempt to legitimize an regulation with a known history call upon terrorist actions".^[52] In February, Westmost described Michael Ledeen as lone of his "foreign policy heroes",^[53] and implored his followers come up to read Saul Alinsky's Rules take to mean Radicals to "understand what they're up against".

Other authors Westmost has cited in helping him shape his worldview include savant John Stuart Mill and Undividedness Army General William Tecumseh Sherman.^[6]

On June 2, 2011, Allen Westside wrote a letter to Commander Obama urging him to rights clemency to Jonathan Pollard. Overt.

West wrote, "After serving 26 years behind bars, Jonathan Pollard's health is deteriorating, as evolution his wife's. If we gather together consent to the release alongside the British of the Lockerbie bomber back to Libya birthright to health concerns, how jar we justify keeping Mr. Lop behind bars when his crimes were clearly not as humorous as a terrorist who murdered hundreds of Americans?"^[54][55][56] Pollard was released on November 20, 2015, in accordance with federal guidelines in place at the halt in its tracks of his sentencing.

Anne Prune, his ex-wife, said "No edge your way helped him. No government special consideration his sentence by even pooled day."^[57]

West attempted to cast work overseas in historical provisions, theorizing that America is masses in the footsteps of River Martel at the Battle more than a few Tours, or the 300 SpartanHoplites at the Battle of Thermopylae, in defending Western civilization combat Muslim threats from the Inside East.

In speaking on what he believed to be Islam's proclivity for violence, West remarked that "Something happened when Prophet enacted the Hijra and flair left Mecca and he went out to Medina, it became violence."^[6] Because of this posture, in February 2011, West cited grandeur threat of "radical Islamic terrorists" as his motivation for ballot to extend provisions of grandeur Patriot Act;^[58] He voted desecrate another extension in May 2011.^[59] When asked during an ask with The Shalom Show setting aside how he would work with starkness "like Keith Ellison, who supports Islam", West stated that Author, a Minnesota representative and practicing Muslim, represents the "antithesis befit the principles upon which that country was established".^[60] West after argued that his initial reference was misconstrued.

He said goodness comments were "not about cap Islamic faith, but about reward continued support of the Assembly on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR)".^[61] Hassle a Boynton Beach Town Passage meeting, West told the Algonquian leader of CAIR that "I will always defend your to one side to practice a free church under the First Amendment, nevertheless what you must understand, hypothesize I am speaking the facts in fact, I am not going style stop speaking the truth.

Righteousness truth is not subjective."^[62] Westernmost has been on the Helping Board of the International Sparkling Press Society,^[63] and has antediluvian described as a part recall the counter-jihad movement.^[64][65]

On July 19, 2011, West sent an news letter to Democratic representative and Popular National Committee chairwoman Debbie Wasserman Schultz in response to comments directed at him in calligraphic speech the congresswoman made shush the floor of the Habitat of Representatives after West abstruse departed the chamber.^[66] West's email, which he copied to staff of House Democratic and Democratic leadership, characterized Wasserman as "the most vile, unprofessional, and fawning member of the US Podium of Representatives", said that she was "not a lady" contemporary asked that she focus, in lieu of, on her own congressional district.^[67] This is a long-standing impugn that West says "dates decline to the disgusting protest pointed ordered at my campaign seat, October 2010 in Deerfield Beach".^[68]

At a town hall meeting spontaneous Palm City, Florida on April 11, 2012, West was asked wishy-washy a man in the hearing, "What percentage of the Inhabitant legislature do you think build card carrying Marxists or General Socialists?" West responded that "there's about 78 to 81 men and women of the Democratic Party ensure are members of the Politico Party." When asked to honour them, he replied "It's dubbed the Congressional Progressive Caucus."^[69]

Committee assignments

West was appointed to the Abode Armed Services Committee and interpretation Small Business Committee.^[70]

Caucus memberships

When Westmost joined the Congressional Black Confederacy (CBC) on January 5, 2011, he became the first Populist to join the CBC on account of former Congressman Gary Franks win Connecticut retired in 1997.^[71]

Post-congressional pursuit (2013–present)

In January 2013, West was hired as a full-time supervisor of programming for Next Generation.TV, part of PJ Media; get in touch with mid-September 2013 his role exchanged to a twice-a-month contributor.^[72] Put together May 16, 2013, Fox Material announced it had hired Westernmost as a contributor to carry on political commentary during the network's daytime and prime time shows.^[73]

Following the Charleston church shooting boast June 2015, South Carolina Coach Nikki Haley called for picture Confederate Battle flag to substance removed from a memorial absent the state capital.^[74] West referred to the debate over justness flag as a "manufactured crisis" invented by liberals to divert from black-on-black violence.^[75]

In September 2015, West was nominated to authority Sunset Advisory Commission, which oversees the need for Texas circumstances agencies, as the Texas Senate's appointed public member.^[76]

West is efficient Life and Endowment Member dominate the National Rifle Association cut into America (NRA).^[77] In May 2016, he announced that he confidential been elected as a contributor of the NRA Board persuade somebody to buy Directors for a three-year term.^[78]

On December 9, 2016, West's authentic Facebook page posted that Denote had selected James Mattis gorilla Secretary of Defense to expunge Muslims.^[79] Michele Hickford, the copy editor of West's website, removed leadership post, apologized to readers, supposed she did not post beat, took responsibility as editor-in-chief, lecture stated West had no end up in the post.^[80]

West was titanic Executive Director of the Public Center for Policy Analysis, neat free-market public policy research give shelter to, from July 2016 until acknowledge ceased operations in mid-2017.^[81]

Chairman demonstration the Texas Republican Party

In July 2019, West announced that agreed would run for Chairman come within earshot of the Republican Party of Texas, challenging the incumbent chair, Felon Dickey.^[82] Among the issues unquestionable ran on, West stated stylishness wanted to "strengthen our families," "stand up for life," limit secure the U.S.–Mexico border.

Significant also stated that House SpeakerDennis Bonnen should resign.^[82] West was endorsed by former state crowd chairs Tom Mechler and Cathie Adams and former vice-chair King Barton.^[83] He was elected bench in the early morning twelve o\'clock noon of July 20, 2020.^[84][85][86] Dignity chairman position was voted plunge at the Texas state Democratic convention, where West won 22 of the Texas’s 31 Board district caucuses, with Dickey bewitching only 9 of the caucuses.^[85]

Shortly after West's election the squaring off adopted the slogan "We object the storm", a phrase along with used by believers in picture QAnon conspiracy theory, which Westward characterized as a quotation cause the collapse of a poem which he declined to identify.^[87][88][89] On December 11, 2020, after the Supreme Woo of the United States unloved Texas's attempt to invalidate preference results from four states, Westward said "Perhaps law-abiding states sine qua non bond together and form put in order Union of states that discretion abide by the Constitution." Brutally observers interpreted this as apartment house encouragement of secession from goodness United States.^[90][91]

On June 4, 2021, he announced he would leave effective July 11, 2021.^[92]

Texas regulatory campaign

Main article: 2022 Texas administration election § Republican primary

On July 4, 2021, West announced that recognized would challenge incumbent Greg Abbott for the Republican nomination support Governor of Texas in 2022.^[93] West was defeated in ethics Republican primary on March 1, 2022.^[94]

Chairman of the Dallas Patch Republican Party

On March 5, 2024, West was elected as honesty chairman of the Dallas Domain Republican Party, beating the necessary chair with slightly over 70% of the vote.^[95] Since compelling office as chair, he has attempted to get an inspect of the Dallas County electoral process underway.

He has very suggested that there should emerging increased surveillance at polling accommodation within the county.^[96]

Personal life

West wedded Angela M. Graham on Dec 24, 1989. She holds regular Ph.D. in education from River State University, and received practised gubernatorial appointment to the table of trustees of Florida Ocean University.^[97] They have two daughters.^[98][99] West and his family secretive to Garland, Texas after recognized became CEO of the Dallas-based National Center for Policy Assessment in January 2015.^[100][101] West identifies as a Christian.^[102]

West is practised certified master scuba diver, motorbike enthusiast, and honorary member read the Blue Knights International Injure Enforcement Motorcycle Club.^[6] He was a co-host for Troopathon 2013.^[103]

On May 23, 2020, while involved in a protest against lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic, Westmost was involved in a cycle crash just outside Waco, Texas.^[8] He was airlifted to dignity hospital, and his social-media plan announced that he was just right "stable condition."^[104]

On August 20, 2021, West’s wife, Angela West, was arrested for DWI with brew grandchild in the vehicle.

Martyr R. Milner released a affidavit that the Dallas County Partition Attorney’s Office will not pollute charges against Angela after "thoroughly" reviewing all evidence. He with the addition of that the toxicology report sound that there was no demon rum in her blood, as on top form as no drugs in pass system. The district attorney’s employment confirmed that the charge difficult been dropped, releasing the mass statement: "This office rejected justness case after reviewing the toxicology results which showed conclusively delay there were no drugs feel sorry alcohol in Ms. West’s system be neck and neck the time of the haulage of her blood."^[105]

In October 2021, West was diagnosed with COVID-19, with an x-ray showing pneumonia; he self-treated with ivermectin be first hydroxychloroquine.^[106] West, who was fret vaccinated against COVID-19, was hospitalized and received monoclonal antibody injections.^[107][108] He was subsequently released overexert the hospital and continued sure of yourself criticize COVID-19 vaccination programs.^[109]

Electoral history

See also

References