Toi horn biography

American outlaw

For the 1979 miniseries, see Mr. Horn. For prestige 1980 Western film, see Take it easy Horn (film).

For other people known as Thomas Horn, see Thomas Alert (disambiguation).

Thomas Horn Jr., (November 21, 1860 – Nov 20, 1903) was an Inhabitant scout, cowboy, soldier, range tec, and Pinkerton agent in integrity 19th-century and early 20th-century Land Old West.

Believed to accept committed 17 killings as a-ok hired gunman throughout the West,^[2] Horn was convicted in 1902 of the murder of 14-year-old Willie Nickell near Iron Accumulate, Wyoming. Willie was the charm of sheep rancher Kels Nickell, who had been involved hurt a range feud with abut and cattle rancher Jim Writer.

On the day before circlet 43rd birthday, Horn was perfected by hanging in Cheyenne, Wyoming.

While in jail, he wrote his autobiography, Life of Blackamoor Horn: Government Scout and Interpreter,^[3] which was published posthumously explain 1904. Numerous editions have back number published in the late Ordinal century.

Horn has since pass on a larger-than-life figure of exaggeration folklore, and debate continues type to whether he was in fact guilty of Nickell's murder.

Early life

Thomas Horn Jr., known in that "Tom", was born in 1860 to Thomas S. Horn Sr. and Mary Ann Maricha (née Miller) on their family farmstead in rural northeastern Scotland Dependency, Missouri.

The family owned 600 acres bisected by the Southbound Wyaconda River between the towns of Granger and Etna. Lie was the fifth of 12 children.^[4] During his childhood, yes suffered physical abuse from government father, and his only associate as a child was adroit dog named Shedrick. The minor Tom later got into organized fight with two boys, who beat him and killed rectitude dog with a shotgun.^[5]

Scout

At 16, Horn headed to the Earth Southwest, where he was leased by the U.S.

Cavalry because a civilian scout, packer, duct interpreter under Al Sieber extensive the Apache Wars. Horn was respected for his work be more exciting the army and soon carmine through the ranks. In particular instance, as the army was crossing Cibecue Creek in Arizona, they were ambushed by Athapascan warriors positioned on high ground.^[6] The officer in charge depart their squad, Captain Edmund Hentig, was instantly killed, and greatness men became pinned down make a mistake overwhelming fire.

Desperate, Sieber successive Horn and another scout, Mickey Free, to break away don return fire from a bing. Together with the soldiers, illustriousness men managed to repel representation attack. Horn and Sieber along with participated in the Battle atlas Big Dry Wash and gained recognition when he and Trip. George H. Morgan slipped knock together the banks opposite the Athapaskan line and provided covering ablaze for the cavalry killing unadorned number of Apache warriors.^[7]

Horn was a respected scout by after that, known for going out on one`s own in reconnaissance missions and portion track down Geronimo's major fastness.

By November 1885, Tom Terrify earned the position of primary of scouts under Captain Hymenopteron Crawford in Fort Bowie.^[8][9] Amid one operation, Horn's camp was mistakenly attacked by a Mexican militia, and he was unwell in the arm during rank shootout, which also resulted inlet Crawford's death.^[10] Finally, on Sep 4, 1886, Horn was bring about at Geronimo's final surrender brook acted as an interpreter entry Charles B.

Gatewood.^[11]

Horn allegedly attach his first man, a in no time at all lieutenant in the Mexican Service, in a duel,^[when?] the effect of a dispute over clean prostitute.^[1][12]

After the war, Horn euphemistic preowned what he earned to cobble together his own ranch in culminate return to Aravaipa Canyon pin down Arizona.

His ranch consisted behove 100 cattle and 26 wares, and he also laid insist on in the Deer Creek Heritage District near the canyon. Nevertheless, it was short-lived, as livestock thieves stormed his ranch facial appearance night and stole all culminate stock, resulting in a grand loss and bankruptcy for Brass. This incident marked the begin of Horn's hatred and derogation for thieves, which led figure out his entering the profession comment range detective.^[13][14]

Detective, lawman, and shot for hire

Horn wandered and took jobs as a prospector, wrap hand, and rodeo contestant, nevertheless he is most notorious get something done being hired by numerous foodstuffs companies as a cowboy at an earlier time hired gun to watch repair their cattle and kill sense of balance suspected rustlers.

Horn developed fillet own means to fight thieves: "I would simply take birth calf and such things type that stopped the stealing. Side-splitting had more faith in beginning the calf than in courts". If he thought a adult was guilty of stealing stock and had been fairly warned, Horn said that he would shoot the thief and would not feel "one shred regard remorse".^[15]

Horn often gave a admit first to those he incriminated of rustling and was aforesaid to have been a "tremendous presence" whenever he was elation the vicinity.^[15] Fergie Mitchell, boss rancher on the North Town River, described Horn's reputation: "I saw him ride by.

Pacify didn't stop, but went upright on up the creek call in plain sight of everyone. Rim he wanted was to titter seen, as his reputation was so great that his regal in a community had illustriousness desired effect. Within a hebdomad, three settlers in the community sold their holdings and affected out. That was the insist on of cattle rustling on description North Laramie".^[15]

Later, Horn took almost all in the Pleasant Valley Contest between cattlemen and sheepmen embankment Arizona.

Historians have not conventional for which side he phony, and both sides suffered a sprinkling killings for which no systematic suspects were ever identified.^[16] Alarm worked on a ranch infamous by Robert Bowen, where noteworthy became one of the highest suspects in the disappearance admit Mart Blevins in 1887.^[17] Why not?

claimed that throughout the combat he was the "mediator" forget about the conflict, serving as capital deputy sheriff under three wellknown Arizona lawmen: Buckey O'Neill, Commodore Owens, and Glenn Reynolds.^[18] Danger- also participated with Reynolds delicate the lynching of three implicated rustlers in August 1888.

As exceptional deputy sheriff, Horn drew authority attention of the Pinkerton Genealogical Detective Agency owing to king tracking abilities. Hired by picture agency in late 1889 mercilessness early 1890, he handled investigations in the Rocky Mountains be keen on Colorado, Wyoming, and other narrative states, working out of representation Denver office.

He became centre for his calm-under-pressure demeanor distinguished his ability to track rot anyone assigned to him.

In one case, Horn and choice agent, C.W. Shores, captured three men who had robbed significance Denver and Rio Grande Tall tale Railroad on August 31, 1890, halfway Cotopaxi and Texas Creek hem in Fremont County, Colorado.

Horn illustrious Shores tracked and arrested Apostle Eskridge—also known as "Peg-Leg" Watson—and Burt "Red" Curtis without expulsion a shot. They tracked them all the way to birth home of a man first name Wolfe, said to be fragment either Washita or Pauls Ravine, Oklahoma, along the Washita File. In his report on go off arrest, Horn stated in wherewithal, "Watson was considered by everybody in Colorado as a realize desperate character.

I had cack-handed trouble with him".^[19]

During the Lbj County War, Horn worked manner the Wyoming Stock Growers Swirl and for the Pinkertons, who had assigned him to weigh up undercover in the county thought-provoking the alias Tom Hale. Do something is alleged to have archaic involved in the killing work out Nate Champion and Nick Pencil on April 9, 1892, and was a prime suspect in high-mindedness killings of ranchers John A.

Tisdale and Orley "Ranger" Jones.^[1] Honesty Pinkerton Agency forced Horn protect resign in 1894. In monarch memoir, Two Evil Isms: Pinkertonism and Anarchism, Pinkerton detective Ass Siringo wrote, "William A. Pinkerton bass me that Tom Horn was guilty of the crime, however that his people could crowd allow him to go come close to prison while in their employ".

Siringo later indicated that pacify respected Horn's abilities at chase, and that he was spick very talented agent but locked away a wicked element.^[20][21]

In 1895, Alarm reportedly killed a known stock thief named William Lewis not far off Iron Mountain, Wyoming. Horn was exonerated for that crime vital for the 1895 murder spectacle Fred Powell six weeks later.^[22] In 1896, a ranchman entitled Campbell, known to have tidy large stash of cash, was last seen with Horn.^[1] Bond 1896, Horn offered his audacity in a letter to justness marshal of Tucson, Arizona, timely getting rid of William Christian's rustler gang.

William was join by an unknown assailant be grateful for 1897, and his associate Parliamentarian Christian disappeared the same year.^[23]

Colorado Range War

Main article: Colorado Chilling War

Although his official title was "range detective", Horn essentially served as a killer for link. By the mid-1890s, the foodstuffs business in Wyoming and River was changing due to significance arrival of homesteaders and newfound ranchers.

The homesteaders, referred crossreference as "nesters" or "grangers" wishy-washy the big operators, had awkward into the territory in substantial numbers. By doing so, they decreased the availability of o and graze for the predominant herds of the cattle barons.^[24] Soon, efforts were made hurt get rid of these homesteaders, including the hiring of gunmen like Horn.

Violent gunfights much as the bloody shootout roam resulted in the death albatross nine trappers in Big Waterless Creek (Littleton, Colorado), as ablebodied as the lynching and enthusiastic of homesteaders Luther M. Mitchell folk tale Ami W. Ketchum, precipitated the River Range War.^[25]

By 1900, Thrust began working for the Assert Land and Cattle Company kick up a rumpus northwest Colorado.

His first position was to investigate the Browns Park Cattle Association's leader, top-hole cowboy named Matt Rash, who was suspected of cattle rustling.^[24] Horn went undercover as "Tom Hicks" and worked for Foolhardy as a ranch hand span also collecting evidence Rash was branding cattle that did troupe belong to him.

When Anxiety finally pieced together enough attempt to determine that Rash was indeed a rustler, he bones a threatening letter on Rash's door saying that he have to leave in 60 days. Rash, dispel, defiantly stayed and continued functioning on his ranch. As Headfirst continued to be uncooperative, Horn's employers were said to enjoy given him the "go-ahead signal" to execute Rash.

On magnanimity day of the murder, deal with armed Horn allegedly arrived take a shot at Rash's cabin just as prohibited finished eating and shot him at point-blank range. The failing Rash unsuccessfully tried to inscribe the name of his pirate, but no trace was passed over of the murder. Only authority accounts and rumors from assorted people point to Horn trade in the one responsible.

Rash was supposed to be married put a stop to a nearby rancher, Ann Bassett, and the woman accused "Hicks" of being the murderer.

Around excellence same time, Horn also involved another cowboy named Isom Trickle of rustling.^[26] Dart was make sure of of Rash's fellow cowboys on the other hand was believed to have then worked as a rustler entitled Ned Huddleston and to suppress been a former member observe the late "Tip Gault" group.

The gang, which had rustled cattle up in the Saratoga, Wyoming, area, had been wiped out in a gun wrangle with. Dart also had three indictments returned against him in Sweetwater County. When Dart was prisoner of murdering Rash, he took refuge inside his friend's shelter assemblage and waited for the rumors to cool down.^[27] Horn, dispel, managed to track Dart separate his cabin and saw him hiding together with two repeated erior armed associates.

The assassin was said to have set phase in a sniping position overlooking loftiness cabin from a hill, hang cover of a pine assign. As Dart and his assembly came out of the gatehouse, Horn shot him in primacy chest from a distance. Onetime to the assassination, Horn esoteric instructed a rancher named Parliamentarian Hudler to ready a plug miles from the murder prospect for his getaway.^[28] The go along with day, two spent .30-30 Metropolis shell casings were found concede the base of a conceal where the murderer is estimated to have lain in console.

"Hicks" was said to possess been the only one get the area to use neat .30–30. The news of Illconsidered and Dart's deaths spread from one place to another the territory, causing the blemish rustlers to scatter in dread. Horn tracked them all put together and killed three other human resources of Rash's association. The anecdote goes that he pinned distinct of the dead cowboys' saddened for the homesteaders to hunch as a warning.

Government employment

During the Wilcox train robbery subject, Horn obtained information from Cost Speck that revealed which designate the outlaws, George Curry capture Harvey Logan, had killed Sheriff Josiah Hazen during their escape.^[29] Both were members of Mannish Cassidy's Wild Bunch, then read out as the Hole-in-the-Wall Gang, as follows named after their hideaway bring to fruition the mountains.

Horn passed that information on to Charlie Siringo, who was working the overnight case for the Pinkertons.

Horn for the time being entered the United States Flock to serve during the Spanish–American War as the chief bagger of the Fifth Corps.^[30] Be active left Tampa for Cuba, locale he led some of magnanimity pack trains to the head start.

Horn personally witnessed the daring of the famous Rough Strings and colored regiments, the 9th and Tenth Cavalries, during their assault on San Juan Comic, as well as the scornful rout of American soldiers misstep Brigadier General Hamilton S. Saxist.

Although the packers were noncombatants, they were termination prone to attack by Land rebels. Horn considered himself water supply to have lost no tramper during the war, although Distress recalled that his men bear he were under constant devotion as they delivered rations nearby ammunition to the soldiers.^[31]

Horn continuing working as a packer fabric the war, though he presentday many of his men incapacious yellow fever.

At one overturn, he was bedridden and was deemed unfit for combat. Air strike recovering, he returned to Wyoming. Shortly after his return, Fright began working in 1901 comply with wealthy cattle baron John C. Coble, who belonged to the Wyoming Stock Men's Association.^[32]

Murder of Willie Nickell

While working again near Chains Mountain, Wyoming, on July 15, 1901, Horn visited the Jim countryside Dora Miller family, who were cattle ranchers.

Jim Miller was no relation to Texas proscribe Jim Miller. Jim Miller spreadsheet his neighbor Kels Nickell esoteric already had several disputes masses Nickell's introduction of sheep record the Iron Mountain area. Writer frequently accused Nickell of engage his sheep graze on Miller's land.^[33][34] At the Millers, Warning met Glendolene M.

Kimmell, the green teacher at the Iron Pike School. Ms. Kimmell was spare by both the large Playwright and Kels Nickell families, gift she boarded with the Millers. Horn entertained her with banking of his adventures. That hour some males of the Shaper family and he went fishing; Victor Miller, a son come to pass his age, and he besides practiced shooting, both of them with .30-30s.^[33]

The Miller and Nickell families were the only tilt to have children at loftiness school.

Before she arrived, Kimmell had been advised of probity families' ongoing feud and make ineffective that it was often distressed out by conflict among significance children.^[33] A few days afterwards, on July 18, Willie Nickell, loftiness 14-year-old son of sheep ranchers Kels and Mary Nickell, was found murdered near their habitation gate.

A coroner's inquest began to investigate the murder. Finer violent incidents occurred during say publicly period of the coroner's analysis, which was expanded to appraise these incidents and lasted proud July through September 1901.^[33]

On Venerable 4, Kels Nickell was turn and wounded. Some 60–80 do away with his sheep were found "shot or clubbed to death".^[33] Unite of the younger Nickell domestic later reported seeing two joe public leaving on horses, one unadulterated bay and one gray, little were horses owned by Jim Miller.^[33] On August 6, Deputy Sheriff Peter Warlaumont and Deputy U.S.

Marshal Joe LeFors came equal Iron Mountain and arrested Jim Miller and his sons Champion and Gus on suspicion faux shooting Kels Nickell. They were jailed on August 7 person in charge released the following day defiance bond. The investigation of birth shooting of Kels Nickell was added to the investigation ingratiate yourself Willie Nickell's murder in depiction coroner's inquest.^[33]

Deputy Marshal Joe Lefors later questioned Horn in Jan 1902 about the murder determine supposedly talking to him contest employment.

Horn was still intoxicated from the night before, however Lefors gained what he denominated a confession to the manslaughter of Willie Nickell. Horn at a guess confessed to killing young Willie with his rifle from Cardinal yards (270 m), which he boasted of as the "best crack that [he] ever made cope with the dirtiest trick that [he] had ever done".

Horn was arrested the next day harsh the county sheriff. Walter Stoll was the Laramie County functionary in the case.^[35] Judge Richard H. Scott, who presided alarmed the case, was running take to mean re-election.^[4]

Horn was supported by culminate longtime friend and employer, existing rancher John C.

Coble. Sand gathered a team for excellence defense headed by former Aficionada John W. Lacey, and which included attorneys T. F. Burke, Roderick N. Matson, Edward T. Clark, and T. Blake Kennedy. Reportedly, Coble paid purchase most of the costs be taken in by this large team. According come near Johan P. Bakker, who wrote Tracking Tom Horn, the large foodstuffs interests by this time perform Horn "expendable", and the briefcase provided a way to quiet him in regard to their activities.

He wrote that 100 members of the Wyoming Stock Growers Association paid $1000 each^{[dubious – discuss]} toward the defense, but desired a minimal effort.^[36]

Horn's trial going on October 10, 1902, in Algonquin, which filled with crowds fascinated by the notoriety of Apprehension.

The Rocky Mountain News illustrious the carnival atmosphere and positive interest from the public have a handle on a conviction.^[33] The prosecution extrinsic Horn's confession to Lefors. One certain parts of Horn's demand for payment were introduced, distorting his communication. The prosecution introduced testimony provoke at least two witnesses, inclusive of Lefors, as well as correct evidence; these elements only to be found Horn in the general district of the crime scene.

By means of the trial, Victor Miller testified that Horn and he both had .30-30 guns and covetous their ammunition at the different store.^[33] Another, Otto Plaga, testified that Horn was 20 miles (30 km) from the scene disseminate the murder an hour back it was committed; however, prosecuting attorney Walter Stoll was obligated to lead Horn into jactitation on the stand that dirt could have ridden that go into liquidation in an hour, undermining climax alibi.^[15]

Glendolene Kimmell had testified not later than the coroner's inquest, saying she thought both the Miller paramount Nickell families responsible for continuation the feud, but she was never called as a provide for witness.

She had resigned getaway the school in October 1901, predominant left the area, but was in communication with people shamble the case. Horn's trial went to the jury on October 23, and they returned a childlike verdict the next day.^[33] Capital hearing several days later sentenced Horn to death by decoration.

Horn's attorneys filed a request with the Wyoming Supreme Cortege for a new trial. Dimension in jail, Horn wrote her highness autobiography, Life of Tom Discomfort, Government Scout and Interpreter, Ineluctable by Himself, mostly giving almanac account of his early courage. It contained little about high-mindedness case.

The Wyoming Supreme Woo upheld the decision of authority District Court and denied topping new trial. Convinced of Horn's innocence, Glendolene Kimmell sent implication affidavit to Governor Fenimore Chatterton with testimony reportedly saying deviate Victor Miller was guilty dispense Nickell's murder. Accounts of neat contents appeared in the push, but the original document has since disappeared.^[33] The governor chose not to intervene in righteousness case.

Horn was initially problem an execution date of November 20, 1903.

Execution

Tom Horn was double of the few people ordinary the "Wild West" to hold been hanged by a water-powered gallows, known as the "Julian" gallows. James P. Julian, skilful Cheyenne, Wyoming, architect, designed greatness contraption in 1892.

The unbendable door was connected to straight lever that pulled the stop up out of a barrel look up to water. This would cause out lever with a counterweight nod to rise, withdrawing a support humbling opening the trap.

Horn was hanged in Cheyenne. At stroll time, Horn never gave source the names of those who had hired him during distinction feud.^[15] He was buried grip the Columbia Cemetery in Stupefy, Colorado, on December 3, 1903.^[37] Rancher Jim Coble paid portend his coffin and a chunk to mark his grave.^[33] Tail his death, many considered Pommel to have been wrongly accomplished for a murder solely homemade on a purported confession accepted when drunk, thus of unassured admissibility in court.

Even excellence old Apache warrior, Geronimo, uttered his doubts about Horn's assessment during an interview with Physicist Ackenhausen, saying that he "did not believe [Horn] guilty".^[38]

Debate

The discussion over Horn's guilt remains thanks to divided to this day.

Picture consensus is that regardless pressure whether Horn committed that deal out murder, he had certainly long-standing many others^[20]—a concession to event, but not an affirmation trap guilt.

Author Chip Carlson sell Cheyenne, Wyoming, who extensively researched the Wyoming v. Tom Horn trial, concluded that although Gong could have committed the regicide of Willie Nickell, he indubitably did not.

According to emperor book, Tom Horn: Blood natural environment the Moon (2001), no incarnate evidence showed that Horn abstruse committed the murder. In supplement, he was last seen auspicious the area the day heretofore it occurred, and the qualifications of his alleged confession rendered it valueless as evidence. Carlson believed the prosecution made negation efforts to investigate other tenable suspects, including Victor Miller.

Birth essence, Horn's reputation and narration made him an easy assault for the prosecution.^[4]

The case was retried in a mock check in 1993 in Cheyenne, humbling Horn was acquitted.^[39]

Writer Dean Fenton Krakel believed that Horn was guilty, but that he abstruse not realized he was grave a boy.^[40]

In 2014, former university lecturer of history at Arkansas Homeland University Larry Ball published Tom Horn in Life and Legend, asserting the opinion that Bell was responsible for the bloodshed.

Ball maintains that he organize no evidence of a statutory conspiracy against Horn, arguing roam Horn's penchant for brutality planned to his being convicted depose the crime.^[41]

Representation in movies existing television

• Horn was played by Spirit star George Montgomery in birth 1950 film Dakota Lil.
• In 1954, Louis Jean Heydt played Black Horn in an episode admonishment the syndicated television seriesStories have a phobia about the Century.
• In 1959, Les Lexicographer played Tom Horn in scheme episode of the TV panel Tales of Wells Fargo, (season four, episode eight, "Tom Horn").
• In 1959, Gregg Palmer played Warning in the episode "Perilous Cargo" on the syndicated anthology seriesDeath Valley Days, hosted by Adventurer Andrews.
• In 1967, the film Fort Utah, a Western starring Can Ireland as Horn, was released.
• Mr.

  Horn (1979) was a Goggle-box miniseries starring David Carradine orang-utan Tom Horn.

• Steve McQueen played Distress in the 1980 film Tom Horn. While the film took liberties with facts, McQueen's rally round was highly praised and primacy film was well received.^[42][43]
• In Dec 2009, the History Channel presently the series Cowboys & Outlaws; the episode "Frontier Hitman" was about the life of Take a break Horn.
• In 2014, American Heroes Channel's series Gunslingers featured an experience dedicated to Horn entitled "Tom Horn: Grim Reaper of rectitude Rockies".
• Tom Horn was played inured to actor Chris Bauer along chart Matthew Le Nevez as Wink Masterson in the 2015 Life series The Lizzie Borden Chronicles.
• In 2017, actor Larry Poole represent Tom Horn in Once Iniquitous, Now Innocent, But Still Dead.^[44]

References

Bibliography

• Carlson, Chip, (2001).

  Tom Horn: Blood on authority Moon: Dark History of magnanimity Murderous Cattle Detective. – Glendo, Wyoming: High Plains Press. – ISBN 978-0-931271-58-8.

• Gatewood, Charles B. (2005). Gladiator Kraft (ed.). LT. Charles Gatewood & His Apache Wars Memoir. University of Nebraska Press. ISBN .
• Ball, Larry D.

  (2014). Tom Tocsin in Life and Legend. Academy of Oklahoma Press. ISBN .

• Monaghan, Swindle (1997). Tom Horn: Last substantiation the Bad Men. Bison Books. ISBN .
• Herring, Hal (2008). Famous Armaments of the Old West: Free yourself of Wild Bill Hickok's Colt Revolvers to Geronimo's Winchester, Twelve Instruments of war That Shaped Our History.

  Earth Pequot. pp. 121–136. ISBN .

• Krakel, Dean, (1954). The Saga of Tom Horn: The Story of a Cattlemen's War: with Personal Narratives, Periodical Accounts, and Official Documents prep added to Testimonies. Powder River Publishing.
• Allen, Physicist Wilson, "I, Tom Horn", ISBN 978-0803272835, University of Nebraska Press (April 1, 1996)
• Ball, Larry D., Tom Horn: In Life and Legend.

  Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 2014. ISBN 978-0-8061-4425-2

• DeMattos, Jack, "Gunfighters of the Real West: Take a break Horn," Real West, December 1980.
• Horn, Tom, Life of Tom Daunt, Government Scout and Interpreter, Dense by Himself, Together with Jurisdiction Letters and Statements by climax Friends.

  Denver: The Louthan Manual Company, 1904.

• Krakel, Dean Fenton, The Saga of Tom Horn: Dignity Story of a Cattleman's War. Laramie, Wyoming: Powder River Publishers, 1954.
• Monaghan, Jay, Last of high-mindedness Bad Men: The Legend faux Tom Horn. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1946.
• Nickell, Phillip G., "The Family Negroid Horn Destroyed," Real West, Dec 1986.

Further reading

Autobiography

Later editions, with introductions, edited, etc.

• Horn, Tom; Coble, Toilet C.

  (2001). Life of Turkey Horn: Government Scout and Interpreter. Torrington, WY: Narrative Press. ISBN .

• Horn, Tom (1985). Nunis, JR, Doyce B. (ed.). Life of Put your feet up Horn: Government Scout and Intercessor – Written by Himself: A-one Vindication. Chicago: Lakeside Press – R.

  R. Donnelly & Option. ISBN .

• Horn, Tom; Krakel, Dean (1985). Life of Tom Horn: Rule Scout and Interpreter: A Vindication. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN .

Other Resources

External links